// PROGRAM: 		dcheung_goodhand.cpp
// PROGRAMMER:	David Cheung
// DATE:		    11/07/06
// PURPOSE:		  Calculates insurance rates based on driver criteria
// INPUT:		    Driver's age, ticket history and value of the car
// OUTPUT:		  Purpose of the program
//				      Insurance rate for the individual
// DESCRIPTION:

/*		Algorithm:
 * 
 * 				main() function
 * 				{ 
 *  				Input age of driver
 * 
 * 					While age >= 0
 * 						Input gender
 * 						Input ticket history
 * 						Input car value
 * 
 * 						call functionCalculateInsurance()
 * 	
 * 						Output cost
 * 						Input age
 * 					End while loop
 * 				}
 * 
 * 				CalculateInsurance() function
 * 				{
 * 					premium = car value * base rate
 * 					
 * 					if age < 21
 * 						if gender = f
 * 							premium = premium * female U21 penalty
 * 						else 
 * 							premium = premium * male U21 penalty
 * 
 * 					if tickets > 3
 * 						premium = premium + bad driver penalty
 * 
 * 					return premium
 * 				}
 */

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>

using namespace std;

// Declare function prototype
float functionCalculateInsurance(int, int, char, float);

// Declare other constants
const float constBaseRate = 0.06;		// base rate to be multiplied to the vehicle value
const float constFemaleU21 = 1.04;		// rate increase for women under 21
const float constMaleU21 = 1.17;		// rate increase for men under 21
const int constCitationLimit = 3;		// maximum # of citations before penalty kicks in
const int constBadDrivers = 100;		// bad driver penalty
				
int main()
{
	int varAge;			// Age of driver, varMaturity
	int varTickets;		// Number of tickets, varCitations
	char boolGender;	// Gender of driver, boolSex
	float varCost;		// Value of the vehicle, varValue
	float varRate;		// Insurance premium
	
	// Use a fixed number notation and show the decimal point
	cout << fixed << showpoint;
	
	// Start the program
	cout << "Welcome to your Insurance Premium Calculator!" << endl;
	cout << endl << "What is the driver's age (negative # to quit)? ";
	cin >> varAge;		// input the age of driver
	
	while (varAge >= 0)
	{
		cout << endl << "Is the driver male or female (m/f)? ";
		cin >> boolGender;		// input the gender of driver, lowercase only
		
			// error checking the gender
			while (boolGender != 'm' && boolGender != 'f')
			{
				if (boolGender == 'M')
					boolGender = 'm';
				else if (boolGender == 'F')
					boolGender = 'f';
        else {
					cout << endl << "Please specify male or female (m/f): ";
					cin >> boolGender;
        }
      }		

		
		cout << endl << "How many citations for the driver? ";
		cin >> varTickets;		// input the number of citations
		
			// error checking the citations
			while (varTickets < 0)
			{
				cout << endl << "Please enter a positive number: ";
				cin >> varTickets;
			}
		
		cout << endl << "What is the vehicle's value? ";
		cin >> varCost;			// input the vehicle's value
		
			// error checking the vehicle value
			while (varCost < 0)
			{
				cout << endl << "Please enter a value greater than or equal to zero: ";
				cin >> varCost;
			}
		
		// Calculate the insurance rate
		varRate = functionCalculateInsurance(varAge, varTickets, boolGender, varCost);
						
		cout << setprecision(2) << "The total insurance premium for this driver is $" << varRate << endl;
		cout << endl << "What is the driver's age (negative # to quit)? ";
		cin >> varAge;	// input the age of the driver for while loop
	}
	
	cout << "Thank you for using the Insurance Premium Calculator. Goodbye!";
	return 0;
}

/* FUNCTION
 * 		NAME:			functionCalculateInsurance()
 * 		DESCRIPTION: 	Calculates the insurance premium for main()
 * 		PROTOTYPE:		float functionCalculateInsurance(int, int, char, float)
 * 		PARAMETERS:		2 integers, a character, and a floating pt number
 * 		RETURN VALUE:	an integer
 */

float functionCalculateInsurance(
				int varMaturity, 	// Age of driver, varAge
				int varCitations,	// Number of tickets, varTickets
				char boolSex, 		// Gender of driver, boolGender
				float varValue		// Value of the vehicle, varCost
				)
{
	float varPremium;		// this is the insurance rate to be returned
	
	varPremium = varValue * constBaseRate;
	
	// Check to see if the driver is under 21
	if (varMaturity < 21)
	{
		// Check to see if the customer is a woman
		if (boolSex == 'f')
			varPremium = varPremium * constFemaleU21;
		// if it's a guy, then it's more expensive, sorry bro.
		else
			varPremium = varPremium * constMaleU21;
	}
	
	// Check to see if the driver has more than 3 citations
	if (varCitations > constCitationLimit)
	{
		varPremium = varPremium + constBadDrivers;		// bad drivers pay more
	}
	
	return varPremium;
}